(2)Flights, other than instrument flights, which rely solely on instruments with respect to the measurement of the position and the course of an aircraft (hereinafter referred to as 'instrument navigation flight") which exceed the distance or the duration specified by Ordinances of the Ministry of Transport;
(3)Flights under instrument flight rules.
2. No person shall offer flight instruction for pilots in the following categories of flight training, unless he holds a competence certificate which qualifies him for the pilotage of the aircraft used and an aviation medical certificate and, in addition, has obtained a flight instructor rating issued by the Minister of Transport for flight instruction for the category of the aircraft used (hereinafter referred to as "flight instructor"):
(1)Flight training by a person who does not hold a competence certificate for a qualification for an airline transport pilot, commercial pilot or private pilot (hereinafter referred to as "pilot competence certificate") onboard aircraft (except for the aircraft specified by Ordinances of the Ministry of Transport in accordance with Article 28 paragraph 3. The same shall apply in the following subparagraph);
(2)Flight training by a person who holds a pilot competence certificate and aviation medical certificate on board aircraft of category other than that indicated on the said competence certificate.
3. The provisions of Article 26 paragraph 1, Article 27, Article 29 and Article 30 apply accordingly to instrument ratings and flight instructor ratings of the preceding two subparagraphs.
(Flight Training on Aircraft)
Article 35. The provisions of Article 28 paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply to pilotage for the purpose of the following flight training:
(1)Flight training, described in paragraph 2, subparagraph (1) of the preceding Article, which is preceding Article, which is permitted by the Minister of Transport and which is performed under the supervision of a flight instructor;
(2)Flight training, described in paragraph 2, subparagraph (2) of the preceding Article, which is performed under the supervision of a flight instructor;
(3)Flight training by a person, who holds a pilot competence certificate and an aviation medical certificate, on board aircraft of class or type other than that indicated on the said competence certificate under the supervision of a person who holds competence certificate and an aviation medical certificate qualifying for pilotage of that aircraft (where it is difficult to be supervised by a person who holds a competence certificate qualifying for pilotage of that aircraft, under the supervision of a person who has been designated by the Minister of Transport in recognition of his having adequate knowledge and proficiency to conduct pilotage of that aircraft).
